Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) materials have gained popularity across various industries due to their outstanding physical and chemical properties. Angreen, a TPU manufacturer, provides a detailed overview of the definition, characteristics, applications, and comparison of TPU materials with silicone to help readers fully understand the advantages and potential of TPU.
TPU stands for Thermoplastic Polyurethane, a versatile polymer material that combines properties of rubber and plastic. It offers excellent elasticity and resistance to wear. TPU is made through a chemical reaction involving diisocyanates (like MDI or TDI) and polyols (such as polyester or polyether).
TPU plastics typically come in the form of sheets, blocks, or granules and can be processed using techniques like extrusion or injection molding. Here's an overview of the production process:
Raw Material Preparation
Oligomer Polyol:
Common types include polyester polyol and polyether polyol.
Polyisocyanate:
Primarily diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and toluene diisocyanate (TDI).
Chain Extender:
Examples include 1,4-butanediol (BDO).
Polymerization Reaction
Prepolymer Method:
The oligomer polyol and polyisocyanate first react to form a prepolymer, which is then mixed with a chain extender to form a high molecular weight polymer.
One-Step Method:
The oligomer polyol, polyisocyanate, and chain extender are mixed and reacted together in a single step. This method is simpler but may involve more side reactions.
Melt Extrusion:
The prepolymer is heated to a molten state and then extruded.
Cooling And Shaping:
The molten material is rapidly cooled to solidify it, followed by post-processing steps like cutting and granulation.
Wide Hardness Range:
By adjusting the components, TPU can have varying hardness from Shore A 60 to Shore D 85.
High Mechanical Strength:
TPU is known for its durability, impact resistance, and shock absorption.
Excellent Cold Resistance:
Maintains flexibility and elasticity down to -35°C.
Good Processability:
Suitable for common plastic processing methods such as injection molding, extrusion, and calendering.
Oil, Water, And Mold Resistance:
Effective against oils, water, and certain solvents.
Recyclability:
TPU materials can be recycled, making them eco-friendly.
Abrasion Resistance:
High strength and durability make TPU suitable for heavy-duty applications.
TPU's unique chemical structure makes it suitable for a wide range of industries:
Footwear:
Used in sports shoes and casual footwear due to its elasticity and durability.
Protective Cases For Electronics:
Ideal for mobile phones and tablet cases, offering protection and a good grip.
Wire and Cables:
Widely used in charging and data cables for electronic devices.
Medical Equipment:
Preferred for cables, catheters, and sanitary products because of its biocompatibility and non-toxicity.
Tubing:
Suitable for high-pressure, oil-resistant, and air-pressure pipes.
Wire and Cable Materials:
Utilized in new energy vehicle cables, photovoltaic cables, marine cables, and medical cables.
TPU’s significance lies in its excellent physical properties and eco-friendly nature, making it an ideal substitute for many traditional materials.
Silicone is a synthetic polymer primarily composed of silicon (Si), oxygen (O), carbon (C), and hydrogen (H). It exhibits rubber-like flexibility and excellent high-temperature resistance. The molecular structure of silicone imparts outstanding elasticity and chemical resistance.
High Temperature Resistance:
Silicone can maintain stable performance within a broad temperature range of -60°C to +250°C, making it suitable for high-temperature environments.
Excellent Elasticity:
Silicone possesses good rebound characteristics, allowing it to withstand multiple stretches and compressions without deformation.
Chemical Resistance:
It exhibits good resistance to various chemicals, such as acids, bases, and solvents.
Electrical Insulation:
Silicone is an excellent electrical insulator, making it suitable for electronic and electrical applications.
Biocompatibility:
Silicone is non-toxic and has good biocompatibility, commonly used in medical and food contact applications.
Water Resistance
Silicone has good waterproof properties, making it suitable for humid environments.
Medical Devices:
Used in the manufacture of catheters, seals, infusion devices, and surgical instruments, silicone is widely utilized due to its biocompatibility and non-toxic characteristics.
Kitchenware:
Commonly used in silicone molds, baking mats, and utensils, silicone is heat-resistant and easy to clean.
Electronic Products:
Used as electrical insulation material, it is widely applied in cables, connectors, and sensors.
Automotive Industry:
Utilized in automotive parts, seals, and shock absorbers due to its high-temperature and oil resistance.
Consumer Products:
Found in items such as phone cases and headphone covers, silicone is valued for its flexibility and durability.
TPU: Known for its high elasticity, wear resistance, and oil resistance, TPU is often a blend of polyurethane and polyester. It can be processed through methods like injection molding, extrusion, and 3D printing.
Silicone: A synthetic polymer made of silicon, oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen, silicone is highly resistant to high temperatures, has good electrical insulation, and offers excellent biocompatibility.
TPU: Used in wires, cables, automotive parts, sports equipment, and electronics due to its elasticity and wear resistance.
Silicone: Common in medical devices, kitchenware, and electronics, silicone is valued for its high-temperature resistance and biocompatibility.
TPU: Can be shaped by injection molding, extrusion, And Blow Molding, suitable for products that require flexibility.
Silicone: Produced through molding, extrusion, and injection molding, ideal for precision products like seals and gaskets.
·Heat Resistance: Silicone withstands higher temperatures (-60°C to 250°C or higher) without losing stability, while TPU operates within -40°C to 120°C.
·Flexibility: TPU has better elasticity and flexibility, while silicone excels in chemical and water resistance.
·Environmental Safety: Both materials are eco-friendly; TPU is recyclable, and silicone is non-toxic.
TPU: The operating temperature ranges from -40°C to 120°C, depending on the composition.
Silicone: Performs well across a wider temperature range, making it more suitable for high-temperature environments.
| Silicone vs TPU | ||
| Comparison Items | TPU | Silicone |
| Material Properties | High Elasticity, Wear Resistance, Oil Resistance | Good High Temperature Resistance, Electrical Insulation, Biocompatibility |
| Application Areas | Wires And Cables, Auto Parts, Sports Equipment, Electronic Products | Medical Equipment, Kitchen Appliances And Electronic Products |
| Manufacturing Process | Injection Molding, Extrusion, Blow Molding, Suitable For Flexible Products | Mold Molding, Extrusion, Injection Molding |
| Heat Resistance Range | Heat Resistance Range: -40°C to 120°C | Heat Resistance Range: -60°C to 250°C |
| Performance Comparison | Better Elasticity And Flexibility | Excellent Chemical And Water Resistance |
| Environmental Safety | Recyclable, Environmentally Friendly | Non-Toxic, Rnvironmentally Friendly |
| Function | Suitable For Injection Molding, Extrusion, 3D Printing Processing | Suitable For Precision Products Such As Seals |
TPU And Silicone Sre two popular choices in phone cases. TPU phone cases are known for their high elasticity and durability, providing excellent protection from impacts while remaining lightweight. Silicone phone cases offer a soft, flexible feel and good grip, making them comfortable to hold.
Silicone Thermoplastic Polyurethane (STPU) is a composite material that combines the properties of silicone and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). By introducing silicone into the molecular structure of TPU, STPU is a new type of material that possesses the excellent mechanical properties of TPU and the unique characteristics of silicone.
Excellent Flexibility And Elasticity：
It maintains the flexibility and elasticity of TPU, which makes it suitable for applications that require multiple bending and stretching, such as electronic protective cases, industrial hoses and durable seals.
High And Low Temperature Resistance:
The addition of silicone enables the material to maintain stable performance in extreme temperatures, making it suitable for use in extreme temperature environments, such as automotive parts or outdoor equipment.
UV And Weathering Resistance:
The silicone component enhances the material's UV resistance and anti-aging performance, so STPU is not easy to age or discolor under long-term exposure to sunlight or harsh climatic conditions, suitable for outdoor products.
Good Waterproof And Chemical Resistance:
STPU material combines the water resistance of TPU and the chemical resistance of silicone, which can resist the erosion of grease, solvents, acids and alkalis, and is suitable for applications that require chemical and water resistance.
Low Surface Energy:
The low surface energy properties of silicone make STPU anti-adhesive and easy to clean, less prone to dust and dirt, suitable for use in electronic equipment housings and medical devices.
